Bibliographic record
Abstract
The role of LiF in improving the charge injection in Al/Alq3 based OLEDs is investigated by making and testing the current-voltage characteristics of a series of single carrier devices. It is found that thinner layers of LiF ( sim;2A) have a greater impact than thicker layers and that LiF has a much greater impact at the top organic/Al interface than at the bottom interface, due to differences caused by the deposition sequence. Charge transport is found to be injection limited, but doesn't quite fit the thermionic emission theory. When used with Ag electrodes, LiF has a blocking effect. Electrically poling Al/LiF/Alq3/LiF/Al devices at -15V results in negative differential resistance peaks in the IN characteristics. These peaks can be erased and reformed and are used as the basis for a new injection model. LiF also improves electron injection in devices having C60 in place of Alq3, through the formation of ohmic contacts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".