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Record W7133071557

Natural Language Processing for Slang

2024· dissertation· W7133071557 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueTSpace · 2024
Typedissertation
Language
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicSwearing, Euphemism, Multilingualism
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSlangNatural languageSemantic interpretationComputational linguisticsLexiconNatural language understandingInterpretation (philosophy)Semantics (computer science)
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Slang is a common type of language that makes creative and highly flexible use of words. A basic problem that language users tackle is how to develop and interpret novel slang terms for communication in a community. This problem is relevant for natural language processing since new slang expressions often emerge in daily conversations and online social media. However, principled computational approaches to modeling slang are lacking, which presents key challenges to the effective natural language processing of slang. In this dissertation, I develop a computational framework that offers new methodologies for the automated generation, interpretation, and translation of English slang word usages, as well as for characterizing the principles in slang variation across language communities. My dissertation is organized into three main parts. The first part addresses the under-explored problem of slang semantic extension, namely how existing words in the lexicon take on new meanings in informal context. I develop a generative framework that combines contrastive learning with probabilistic models of semantic chaining to capture slang semantic extension. By leveraging dictionary-based resources of slang, I show how the learned semantic representations more accurately predict slang word choices compared to existing approaches that rely more exclusively on corpus data. The second part of my dissertation tackles the inverse problem of slang interpretation by applying these semantic representations to interpret and translate novel slang usages in natural text. I show how this approach provides better accuracy and sample efficiency in both slang interpretation and translation, in comparison to baseline contextualized language models. Finally, the third part of my dissertation investigates semantic variation of slang across different language communities focusing on a comparative study of US and UK. I show that models incorporating either communicative need or semantic chaining can predict the regional identity of slang usages. In summary, my dissertation contributes a principled framework for modeling the lexical semantics and usages of English slang, and it opens up future opportunities for the computational investigation and automated processing of informal language across a diverse set of communities and languages.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: Qualitative
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.230
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.027
GPT teacher head0.461
Teacher spread0.434 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it