Healing Dynamics with Engineered Immune Modulatory Nanoparticles on External Root Resorption using a Delayed Reimplantation Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Avulsion is a severe dental traumatic injury with a long-term prognosis largely dependent on the extraoral dry time and survival of the periodontal ligament cells. When these conditions are unfavourable, external root resorption and/or ankylosis occurs ultimately leading to tooth loss. The aim of this study was to assess the tissue response to a novel therapeutic strategy with photoactivated engineered chitosan nanoparticles (CSRB), using a delayed reimplantation animal model. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n=6). The right maxillary incisor extracted, subjected to different treatment for 1 hour, and subsequently replanted. Group 1: 60 minutes in phosphate-buffered saline. Group 2: 60 minutes air-dry. Group 3: 60 minutes air-dry+CSRB (0.1mg/ml) root conditioning and light (540 nm) activated for 1 minute. Group 4: 60 minutes exposure to Lipopolysaccharide (1 μg/mL) (LPS). Group 5: 60 minutes LPS+CBRB root conditioning and light (540 nm) activated for 1 minute. After 3 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, micro-CT scans acquired and the tissue specimens were processed for histological and immunohistochemical analysis to determine the amount of resorption and ankylosis. The data was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA. Micro-CT and histological analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in the severity of root resorption and ankylosis in the CSRB treated groups under both air-dry and LPS condition (p<0.05). Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining showed CSRB treated groups had significantly less TRAP positive multinucleated cells compared to untreated groups (p<0.05). Osteocalcin expression was reduced, periostin expression was increased, and CD80 and CD206 expression was reduced to control levels in the CSRB treated groups. Conclusion: Root surface conditioning with light activated CSRB reduced root resorption and ankylosis in rat teeth exposed to 60 minutes’ air-dry time or LPS. This study supports the application of CSRB to the root surface of avulsed teeth to improve the long-term prognosis and help prevent tooth loss.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".