Linking water quality and hydraulics in distribution systems through a transient one-dimensional multi-component corrosion model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research addresses water quality issues in water distribution systems in general, and more specifically, pipe corrosion which can entail many adverse effects including reduction of hydraulic capacity, compromised structural integrity of conduits and water quality deterioration. Yet, for all its familiarity, corrosion is a complex phenomenon due to the inter-dependent set of reactions that can take place at the pipe wall with chemicals in the bulk water. The principle objective of this study is to extend the existing, but basic, 1-D corrosion-water quality model and to explore the impact of various chemical species on the formation of ferrous and ferric ions during transient conditions. In addition, the associated formation of various iron precipitates is numerically explored. Each chemical species is tracked using the ADRE which is coupled with a hydraulic model. The numerical outcome of the model is compared with the results of the existing model, with both exhibiting good agreement.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".