The emergence of democratic educational and experiential educational philosophies in the practice of outdoor education
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis explores whether outdoor educators apply the philosophical frameworks of Experiential Education (EE) and Democratic Education (DE) as a part of their daily practice in Ontario's public secondary schools. The primary research question asks, 'what is a work?' in the OE classroom, by looking at how philosophical paradigms guide OE practitioners in the design and implementation of their programs, in their relationships with students, and in their decisions about curriculum and evaluation. This study operates from a critical-pragmatist perspective and embodies a conceptual framework whose aims are to integrate the experiences of outdoor educators, critical thinking, theory/philosophy, reflection, and suggestions for action. It consists of an extensive review of the literature, as well as six interviews with outdoor educators. Given the data collected, this study proposes that the philosophical tenets of EE and DE emerge in the practice of OE and that, in an effort to reassert the value of threatened OE programs, it would be beneficial for outdoor educators to include theoretical/philosophical arguments in their defense.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.086 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".