Updated information on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations in Nova Scotia’s southern upland (SU; Salmon Fishing Areas 20, 21, and Part of 22) of relevance to the development of a 2nd COSEWIC status report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this research document is to summarize and update the present status and recent trends of Atlantic Salmon populations in the Southern Upland (SU) Designatable Unit (DU 14) of relevance to the development of the status report by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC). Based on genetic evidence, regional geography and differences in life history characteristics SU Atlantic Salmon is considered to be biologically unique (Gibson et al. 2011) and its extirpation would constitute an irreplaceable loss of Atlantic Salmon biodiversity. Within the SU DU, there are at least 72 rivers thought to contain, or to historically have contained Atlantic Salmon. The assessment of stock status is based on abundance of adults, juveniles and smolts in selected rivers, and the available data indicate that the abundances of SU Atlantic Salmon populations are low and declining. Region-wide comparisons of juvenile density data from more than 50 rivers indicate significant ongoing declines and provide evidence for river-specific extirpations. As of the most recent regional electrofishing survey, presence can be documented in 41% (22 of 54) of rivers that were assessed. Annual adult abundance data from four rivers show declines of 95% to 100% from maximum abundance, and Salmon returns to the SU index rivers (LaHave and St. Mary’s) have been below the conservation requirement every year for the past 3 generations of available data. The regional estimate for Atlantic Salmon predicts that in 2019 the SU DU would be have produced less than 4% (2.42–6.35 million eggs) of the estimated regional conservation requirement of 187.95 million eggs. A number of threats to Atlantic Salmon are identified in the freshwater and estuarine/marine environment of the SU DU, including habitat fragmentation, invasive fish species, acidification of freshwater habitat, illegal fishing/poaching, salmonid aquaculture, and marine ecosystem change.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".