Bibliographic record
Abstract
Les premières semaines de la Grande Guerre étonnent par les pertes massives subies chez l’ensemble des belligérants. Mais en quoi est-ce une surprise ? Depuis le milieu du xixe siècle, en Occident, l’industrialisation croissante, en particulier dans les secteurs de la chimie et de la sidérurgie, a largement bénéficié au domaine de l’armement : âme rayée, chargement par la culasse, nouvelles poudres explosives ou propulsives, maîtrise du tir rapide… Cet ouvrage explore les transformations majeures de l’artillerie entre 1852 et 1914, décrypte leurs conséquences dans les domaines de la doctrine militaire, de la fortification et de l’industrie de l’armement, tant nationale que privée, et offre des comparaisons avec la situation des grandes puissances militaires du moment. Une plongée au cœur d’une révolution technique aux conséquences décisives.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".