Sources and publications on the political activity of emigration and the Polish Diaspora in Canada in the second half of the 20th century
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the 20th century Canada was one of the most important target countries of the Polish emigration. Until the outbreak of World War II, it had been almost exclusively, economic emigration. World War II brought some changes. Already during the war, Canada accepted the first groups of war refugees, and after the war, over 50,000 Polish displaced persons: former soldiers from Italy, England and Belgium, former forced labourers and concentration camp prisoners, as well as their families. In the motives of their emigration, political factors were intertwined with economic and personal ones. The factors determining the arrival to Canada of over 100,000 Poles in the 1980s and 1990s were also very complex, although in many areas different. Representatives of each of those groups initiated activities to help Polish people in the country and abroad, support the Polish government abroad and the opposition in Poland, defend Polish interests and Polish culture as well as influence the Canadian public opinion. The article presents a review of those efforts and the state of research on them against the background of successive migratory waves. The existing publications were studied here, including those issued in small numbers in Canada. The archival sources available in Canada, the state of their preservation and areas in which further archival research and surveys of library holdings are necessary have also been indicated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".