Origin and development of sitting volleyball, history of the development of sitting volleyball in Korea
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the origin and development of sitting volleyball, as well as its introduction and development in Korea, and to contribute to the completion of the study of the history of sports on the process. The conclusions drawn from this study are as follows. First, sitting volleyball, which originated at Stoke Mandeville Hospital in England during the healing and rehabilitation of war disabled people, was introduced to the Netherlands, and after further development, it was completed as sitting volleyball. After the first sitting volleyball competition was held in the Netherlands, it was adopted as a demonstration sport at the Toronto Paralympics. After that, the first World Championships were held in Haarlem, Netherlands, and it was adopted as an official sport at the Arnhem Paralympics, where it continues to this day. Sitting volleyball was officially adopted by ISOD, the international organization for disabled sports, and WOVD, the international organization for sitting volleyball, was formed. Sitting volleyball, which began about 100 years ago for the healing and rehabilitation of war disabled people, developed along with other disabled sports by forming its own council and joining internationally recognized organizations. By granting world rankings through the World Championships and thus granting Paralympic qualification, it has established itself as a popular disabled sport. Second, sitting volleyball in Korea was introduced after the 1988 Seoul Paralympic Games, and continued with various national disabled volleyball competitions, and was adopted as an official event of the National Disabled Sports Games, and has grown rapidly up to the present. In addition, it has continuously participated in international competitions, such as the Asian Para Games and the World Championships, and has raised its international status. With this increased international status, it was possible to successfully host the World Championships, and has greatly contributed to the revitalization and development of international disabled sitting volleyball by successfully hosting and hosting all three major competitions in the history of international sitting volleyball development.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".