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Record W7134980678 · doi:10.5376/me.2025.16.0002

Artificial Rearing Methods and Observations of Spodoptera litura on Soybean Plants

2025· article· W7134980678 on OpenAlex
Ping Zhu

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueMolecular Entomology · 2025
Typearticle
Language
FieldAgricultural and Biological Sciences
TopicAgricultural pest management studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersStrong
KeywordsSpodoptera lituraLarvaCultivarCrop yieldChemical control

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Under controlled artificial conditions, the growth cycle and behavioral characteristics of Spodoptera litura (striped stem borer) were observed with soybean plants as the sole feed. Experimental conditions: temperature around 25°C, relative humidity 23%, with a 12-hour light and 12-hour dark alternating cycle. It was observed that the duration from the pupal stage to the next generation pupation was about 45 days, with adult emergence taking about 15 days, mating and oviposition lasting about 2 days, egg hatching taking about 4 days, and the larval stage lasting 22 days, with the prepupal period lasting about 2 days. During the larval rearing process, providing sufficient space and food can reduce cannibalistic behaviors. Observing the reproductive organs of the pupae accurately distinguishes their sex. In environments with lower humidity, reproductive efficiency decreases, with the number of new individuals being only ten times that of the previous generation. Observing Spodoptera litura  in an artificial environment provides basic data for biological research, contributing to green pest control strategies and resource utilization.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.789
Threshold uncertainty score0.631

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.001
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.048
GPT teacher head0.321
Teacher spread0.273 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it