Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and lung function in adults with asthma: The HUNT study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The association between vitamin D deficiency and pulmonary function in adults with asthma remains unclear. The objective was to determine the association between vitamin D deficiency [serum 25(OH)D <50nmol/L] and pulmonary function in an adult asthma cohort, and to explore possible effect modification by sex and allergic rhinitis. This cross-sectional study included 760 asthmatic adults aged 19-55 years, who participated in the second Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT2). Lung function measures included percent predicted (pp) FEV 1 , ppFVC, and FEV 1 /FVC ratio. We used multiple linear regression to calculate point estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Overall, 44% of the asthmatic adults were vitamin D deficient. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with lower ppFEV 1 (-8%, 95% CI: -14% to -3%) and lower FEV 1 /FVC ratio (-5%, 95% CI: -9% to -1%) in men after adjustment for potential confounders. When further stratified by allergic rhinitis, the association between serum 25(OH)D and FEV 1 /FVC ratio was significant in men without allergic rhinitis (-11%, 95% CI: -22% to -1%), but not in men with allergic rhinitis (-3%, 95% CI: -9% to 2%) (p value for interaction: <0.1). The association in women was not significant overall or by allergic rhinitis. Similar results were found when serum 25(OH)D was analysed as a continuous variable. Vitamin D deficiency was not significantly associated with pulmonary function in most adults with asthma, with the exception of asthmatic men without allergic rhinitis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".