Additional file 8: of Contrasting biological potency of particulate matter collected at sites impacted by distinct industrial sources
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cytotoxic responses of A549 cells to 24 h exposure to size-fractionated particulate matter collected in the vicinity of industrial sites according to the LDH release assay. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release into cell culture supernatants of A549 cells exposed for 24 h to size-fractionated and standard reference particles (left-side) and extracts from corresponding field blank filters that were transported to each site but remained unexposed to ambient air (right side). Data represent LDH release, adjusted for total cellular LDH content. Values are presented as average fold-effect (FE) over control ± standard error (n = 3). HB, Hamilton Beach steel mill; MA, Montréal AIEM petrochemical refinery; MC, Montréal copper smelter; SR, Sarnia petrochemical refinery; SW, Shawinigan aluminum smelter. Size-fractionated and standard reference particles. Three-way ANOVA (Size-fractionated particles): Site x Size (p = 0.002) and Size x Dose (p = 0.018) interactions. Asterisks represent significant pairwise comparisons (Holm-Sidak) as follows: doses within Size significantly different from 0 μg/cm2, or sites within Size significantly different from one another as indicated by brackets (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.001). Letters (a-n) represent sizes within Site significantly different from one another (p < 0.05). Two-way ANOVA (Standards): Particle (p = 0.002) and Dose (p < 0.001) main effects. Asterisks represent significant pairwise comparisons (Holm-Sidak) as follows: doses significantly different from 0 μg/cm2, or particles significantly different from one another as indicated by brackets (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.001). Field blanks. Three-way ANOVA: Dose (p < 0.001) main effect. Letter (a) spanned by a line represents doses significantly different from 0 μg/cm2 (p < 0.001). (PDF 55 kb)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.024 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.857 | 0.121 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".