Subarctic Ground Cover Contributes to Biotic Resistance Against Invasions by Non-Native Plants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Biological invasions in northern regions are an emerging issue, with increasing occurrences of non-native flora in disturbed areas. Whether biotic factors inhibit establishment of alien plant populations in these regions remains unknown. I present evidence supporting the hypothesis that ground cover composed of native cryptogams and phanerogams limits establishment of non-native plants in the subarctic Churchill, Manitoba region of Canada. Though field experiments did not clearly show negative effects of ground cover presence on establishment of non-native plants, I found a significant negative effect of ground cover on germination and survival of non-native plants in greenhouse experiments. Through these experiments, I also investigated how environmental changes caused by ground cover affect non-native plant species and found evidence that changes in moisture and access to soil may be involved. This project marks one of the first experimental investigations of plant invasions in northern biomes and offers insights for conservation, as well as for understanding the early stages of invasion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".