A UWB Folded-Slot Monopole Antenna for Ground Penetrating Radar
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel ultrawideband (UWB) folded-slot monopole antenna is presented. It contains a circular planar monopole at the back of a printed slot to achieve$1: 10$impedance bandwidth and a wide-beam unidirectional pattern, which is desirable for applications in synthetic aperture radar and radar sensing. The antenna is constructed in the shape of a box assembled from five single-layer FR-4 substrates, one for each side of the box, except for the bottom, where a large ground plane ensures unidirectional radiation. It is designed to operate from 0.5 GHz to 5 GHz with a return loss better than$\mathbf{1 0} \mathbf{d B}$. The proposed addition of a folded slot above the monopole improves the circular symmetry of the radiation pattern about the boresight direction. The antenna size is$\mathbf{2 1 0} \boldsymbol{\times} \mathbf{2 5 0} \boldsymbol{\times} \mathbf{1 0 0} \mathbf{m m}^{\mathbf{3}}$. With a ground plane size of$\mathbf{5 0 0} \boldsymbol{\times} \mathbf{5 0 0} \mathbf{m m}^{\mathbf{2}}$the antenna achieves front-to-back ratio (FBR) better than 10 dB across all frequencies. Simulations validate the antenna performance. The proposed compact UWB antenna is to be employed in airborne ground penetrating radar (GPR) and surveillance radar for concealed weapon detection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".