MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W7143279012 · doi:10.22176/act24.2.136

Pandemic Profits: The Hidden Privatization of US and Canadian Music Education

2025· article· W7143279012 on OpenAlexaffabout
Antía González Ben, Jess Mullen

Bibliographic record

VenueAction Criticism and Theory for Music Education · 2025
Typearticle
Language
FieldArts and Humanities
TopicDiverse Music Education Insights
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPandemicMusic educationEquity (law)Work (physics)Digital audioHigher educationPublic policy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Employing Stephen Ball’s notion of network governance, this study examines the relationships between private companies, non-profit organizations, and public institutions involved with music education in the United States (US) and Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic. To identify which public and private actors had a hand in shaping music education policy, we traced the digital music resources three major professional organizations recommended at the height of the pandemic. Also, we examined these organizations’ equity discourses surrounding the adoption of digital music-making services in public schools. Informed by the work of critical theorists Ball, Deborah Youdell, Naomi Klein, and Mark Fisher, our analysis suggests that the uptake of digital technologies during the pandemic may have deepened the hidden privatization of public schooling in the US and Canada. We conclude by advocating for a techno-skeptical approach to music technology and a re-investment in schooling as a public good.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.572
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0020.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.048
GPT teacher head0.291
Teacher spread0.243 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueAction Criticism and Theory for Music EducationSame topicDiverse Music Education InsightsFrench-language works237,207