Sterna hirundo
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sterna hirundo (MGT): breeds in North America, Eurasia and the southern Caribbean from April to August. It migrates from late August to October to Santa Cruz Province in Argentina through the Atlantic Ocean, and to Peru through the Pacific Ocean. It returns in mid-March and April (Cordeiro et al., 1996; Gochfeld et al., 2016b). The population that overwinters in Brazil originates from breeding colonies on the east coast of the USA and Canada, as well as from the Great Lakes in North America. Adults reach the northern coast of Brazil around late September and fly over the Caribbean and Guianas before the young. There are population peaks between October and November, and it is in November that this species flies south through the inland northeastern region of Brazil, as far as RS, along the Atlantic coast (Hays et al., 1997), as found through statistical analyses (Mestre, 2007). Breeding adults return in March/April (Hays et al., 1997), but immature individuals or those that cannot breed may remain (Antas, 1987). Individuals banded on the Portuguese islands of Azores and in southern Spain between April and July were recovered mainly on the coast of BA, but also in CE and PE, between December and May (Lima et al., 2005; Mestre et al., 2010).The largest gatherings of individuals of this species in Brazil are in BA and RS (within which Lagoa do Peixe is an important site for resting, molting and weight gain) (Nascimento & Santos, 2010), with peaks of up to 14,000 individuals recorded in January and February (Belton, 1994). Individuals banded in Argentina and in southern Brazil were recovered on the coast of BA, which suggests that there are stopover grounds on the coast of Brazil used during the migration north (Lima et al., 2005). Although there are records from the entire Brazilian coast throughout the year, they are centered in the period of September to April (Wikiaves, 2016; MZUSP; MPEG; MNRJ).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".