An Influx of Common Ringed Plovers (<i>charadrius Hiaticula</i>) in Southern Newfoundland in Autumn 2006
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The fall migration of 2006 saw the appearance of four Common Ringed Plovers (Charadrius hiaticula) in Newfoundland, Canada.This was twice the previous number of sightings for the province and an unprecedented influx for eastern North America south of the breeding range.This paper documents these records and highlights the features used to identify this cryptic and probab b overlooked species.on the northeastern coasts of Baffin and Ellesmere Islands (Alderfer 2006).In eastern North America, Common Ringed Plover is rarely recorded outside of its known breeding range.Prior to 2006, there were only two records for the island of Newfoundland: an adult at 1LAnse aux Meadows (24-28 August 24 1980; B. Mactavish) and an adult at Bellevue Beach (14-16 August 2001; E Linegar and others).The only documented records of the species from the Lower 48 United States are from Maine, an adult on the South Lubec Flats 26 August-5 September 2003 (Ellison and Martin 2004) and from Massachusetts (Veit and Petersen 1993).During a four-week period (20 August-17 September 2006), four Common Ringed Plovers were observed at locations in southeastern Newfoundland: three adults in worn breeding plumage and one juvenile.All four birds were well documented with photographs, and two were seen by eight or more observers.The prevailing weather patterns in the days and weeks leading up to these records were characterized by strong northeasterly winds.Coincident with the plover observations were numerous records of Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe Juvenile (left) and adult Common Ringed Plovers, St. Shotts, Newfoundland, 17 September 2006.Photo•]raph by Jared Clarke.oenanthe) in eastern Canada and the Atlantic coast of North America--another common breeding species in Greenland and Baffin Island.Field encounters The first Common Ringed Plover of 2006, an adult (probably male), was discovered on a tidal beach at Trepassey on 20 August (D.Brown, J. Harding); this individual continued to be seen sporadically through the following nine days.The second individual, an adult male, was found 29 August at Bear Cove, near the community of Renews (K.Knowles, S. Dextar).This bird was well photographed and documented over the next hour but was not relocated.Almost three weeks later, on 16 September, a third Common Ringed Plover was discovered on a small boat slipway at St. ShotCs (D. Brown, J. Clarke).This bird, an adult (and presumed female), was observed by a total of eight birders over the next few hours.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".