Current Range of the Eastern Population of Painted Bunting (<i>passerina Ciris</i>) Part 1: Breeding
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the current breeding range of Painted Bunting (Passerina ciris) in a series of maps and a narrative, in particular that of the eastern population, which is restricted to the states of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida.Some conservation measures are recommended to protect this population.In light of the exten-sive habitat loss in the Outer Coastal Plain of these states, which comprise the areas of the populations greatest densuy, tt is tmperatwe that a consortium of diverse interests work together to provide sufficient habitats for this colorful native songbird.OVERVIEW The breeding range of Painted Bunting (Passerina ciris) in the eastern United States is restricted to a small portion of the Atlantic Coastal Plain of four southeastern states.Partners in Flight (P1F) originally listed the bunting as a highly ranked Species at Risk (4.29/5.00) in need of attention in a physiographic region of high importance (Hunter et al. 1993a, 1993b).More recently, PIF revised and expanded its classification system and published it in the North American Consetration Plan (Rich et al. 2004), placing the Painted Bunting in the Species of Continental Importance for the United States and Canada: Watch List Species--Restricted distribution or low population size.Two subspecies, P c. ciris and P c. pallidior, have been described based upon morphological variation.However, these two subspecies are only weakly differentiated (Storer 1951).Plumages and morphometrics show much overlap and are minor, clinal, and not distinctive enough to warrant nomenclatural distinctions (Thompson 1991a, Lowther et al. 1999).A further biological concern is that the two subspecies as currently described do not coincide with the 550-km (341-mi) gap centered on 85 ø W longitude that currently separates the eastern and western breeding populations (Figure 1).Given the current state of knowledge, it seems more accurate to treat the eastern and western populations rather than the eastern and western subspecies.From what is presently known, the eastern and western populations are allopatric on the breeding grounds as well as the wintering grounds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".