Bibliographic record
Abstract
or much of the spring, the weather throughout the Region was cold and wet, owing mainly to a persistent, deep northsouth loop in the jet stream that, for weeks, spun off a procession of low-pressure areas, and at the same time, opened the northern door, allowing cool Canadian air to seep southward across the Region.This pattern set up a dichotomous (and for the less hardy species, unfortunate) situation in which a deep, southerly, upper-level flow extending most of the length of the Ariantic Seaboard brought migrants northward but also spawned the lows that, in turn, produced the cold, wet weather pattern with mostly easterly and northeasterly winds in New England.Coming on the heels of one of the most severe winters in many years, this pattern apparently had all the expected effects: delaying the passage of some migrants through the Region, delaying the arrival or reducing overall numbers of others, and disrupting the beginning of the nesting season for many breeding residents.It may also have resulted in above-average levels of mortality among, for example, some of the year-round residents such as Carolina Wren, early nesters such as herons and egrets, and early-nesting insectivores such as Eastern Phoebe and swallows.The body of spring bird records at Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, MA has always been a fairly reliable indicator of avian patterns Regionwide; this year, the "Mayor of Mount Auburn," Bob Stymeist, put it this way on the last day of May: "[...] a continuing assortment of migrants still are about.Of all the years for which I have notes [a lot!--ed.],this year surpasses all others for the number of different species of migrants for such a late date."Despite (or perhaps, in some cases, because of) the rough weather, rarities were on hand in spades.Perhaps the deep southern loop in the jet stream accounted for the distinctly southern flavor to the list of rarities.Headliners from the Southeast included Red-billed Tropicbird, multiple White Ibis, Black Rail, and Painted Bunting, while those that probably arrived from points somewhat farther west included Yellow Rail, White-winged Dove, Scissor-tailed Flycatcher, Say's Phoebe; and Bell's Vireo.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.849 | 0.652 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".