Bibliographic record
Abstract
x9o2-I•8, of which 5 are described as nexv and three others previously described are reinstated.O.a. arenœcola Henshaw is treated as a synonym of O. a. leucolcema Coues, the habitat and characters of which were misinterpreted by Mr. Henshaw, whose ruling in the case has heretofore been followed.The subspecies ]3ragicola, •iraudi, merrz'lll, sgrt'•ala, rubea, adusta, and palllda stand practically as heretofore.True alj3eslrt's is restricted (in the breeding season) to northeastern North America, from Newfoundland northward, the Old World form of this group standing as fulva (Gmelin).O.a. leucolc•ma of Henshaw and Dwight (not of Coues) is separated into an Alaskan form arclt'cola (subsp.nov.) and hoyl[ Bishop, the latter occupying the Mackenzie Valley region.O.a. enlhymia (subsp.nov.) fills in the small gap between the breeding ranges of ]3ralicola, hoyl[ and leucolcema (Saskatchewan and Assiniboia south to northern North Dakota).O. a. •'nsulart's of Townsend and occidenlalis of McCall are rehabilitated, and the new forins aclœa, ammoj3hila and leucanst•3l[la occupy, respectively, small areas of the coast region of southern California and northern Lower California, the Mobave Desert and Owens Valley, and the region about Yuma, Arizona.The paper is illustrated by six photographic illustrations sho•ving different types of environment, and by four maps showing (•) the range of the genus, (2) the breeding areas of the American forins, and (3 and 4) the breeding areas of the Old World forms.These areas are necessarily in part hypothetical, especially for the Old World forms, and the number and relations of the forms can hardly be said to be as yet reduced to a certainty.Mr. Oberholser's reviexv, however, is an important contribution to a most difficult subject, and will doubtless stand as the ' last word' for some time to come, although, in the nature of the case, his results must be held as more or less tentative.The 'identification of our Horned Larks is of course rendered more difficult through the increased number of forms, and only an Ogocoris expert can hope to identify isolated specimens, especially when we find that three forms--alI3esgris, •oygi and ]3tallcola --are recorded from Long Island, New York, and that one of thein, ]3raft'cola, is liable to turn up as far west as central Arizona.--j. A. A. Ogilvie-Grant on Recently Described American Gallin•e.--Inan article in the April number of • The Ibis' Mr. Ogilvie-Grant gives his opinion, l ex caghedra, concerning certain North American rasorial birds recently
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.065 | 0.026 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".