Bibliographic record
Abstract
coyote.A scattered flock, flying from sage-bush to greese-wood, across the hills, was, in almost every instance, preceded by a "Government Dog," and the killing of a rabbit several times per day was the inducement to the feathered escort, which shared freely in the leavings of the wolf.Early in the spring of 1910 a male English Sparrow was seen 12 miles from Vale, in the sage-brush, vainly attempting to induce a female Brewer Blackbird to begin housekeeping with him.So far was the wanderer from his fellows in Vale that I was surprised, never having seen one even half a mile from town before.No more strays were seen until in the fall, when on the upper Willow Creek, near the base of the Burnt River Mountains, I found a small flock of from four to ten on every ranch.This region is some 40 miles from the railroad, the nearest point being Huntington, where the sparrows are abundant.To reach the ranches mentioned a mountain range must be crossed and long miles of sage plains and lava mesas, a region as little to their liking as a wood-yard to a tramp.It is more likely that they found their way up the valley from Ontario, some 70 miles, but through country that is entirely unsuited to the requirements of this species as we have regarded them in the past.The ranchers told me that they had not seen any sparrows until a month or so before, a statement that was likely true, since only small flocks were seen, and there was no evidence of their having been long resident.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.171 | 0.033 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".