Lass's 'bird Life of a City Garden'

Fleming on Migrations of Branrich's Murre2--Briinnich's Murre is an Arctic species, breeding in North America from the Magdalen Islands, in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, northward, and appears to be ordinarily only to a small extent migratory.At intervals, however, it appears in sotne numbers as far south as Long Island, New York, and occurs as a straggler south t(} Chesapeake Bay and westward along the Great Lakes.Its appearance at any of these points is usually rare and irregular, but during the last fifteen years there have been several notable invasions of this species.Mr. Fleming has done excellent service in compiling and mapping these migrations.His record begins with the winter of 1890.-91, when the species appeared in unusual numbers on the New England coast.None were noted for the winter of 1891-92, and only a few for that of 1892-93.In the winter of 1893-94 there was a large migration to the Great Lakes, notable as being their first appearance in this region, while few were seen on the Atlantic coast.The next great migration, and "the most extensive recorded," occurred in the winter of 1896-97, "reaching far down the Atlantic coast and into the interior of eastern North America"--on the coast to North and South Carolina, in the interior to central Indiana.The following winter there was a restricted migration to the St. Lawrence and its tributaries.In 1899-1900 there was again a widespread migration, extending southward along the coast to Virginia, and in the interior to.Lake Ontario.For the following winter the records were few; more were seen in 1901-02, but during the following three winters there was no notable invasion.Mr. Fleming gives reasons for believing that these migrations originate in Hudson Bay, and are caused by lack of food, due to the closing in of the moving and shore ice, thus depriving them of access to open water.They usually arrive in an emaciated condition, and, visiting regions "unsuited to sustain the life of a bird whose food is marine," it seems probable that none of the thousands of birds that make the unusual journey ever return to their place of origin.Two maps illustrate Mr. Fieming's excellent paper, one showing the places of record for the species from 1890 to 1903, and the other for the great migration of 1896.--J. A. A. Lass's Bird Life of a City Garden?--This is a list of birds observed in a city garden in Charleston, S.C., based on records made in 19024)6, inclusive, and numbers 90 species.Sonhe are common summer residents and breeders in the garden; others are transient visitors or are noted as merely passing over, as in the case of sonhe of the larger hawks, herons, etc. The, list is naturally of much local interest, and was published largely for the x The Unusual Migration of Brfinnich's Murre (Uria lomvfa) in Eastern North America.

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