Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nesting of Crossbills in Nova Scotia.--During the past winter, which was very mild and open, nmnbers of A•nerican and White-winged Crossbills were found nesting in the vicinity of Wolfville, Kings Co.The first nests discovered were those of the American Crossbill (Loxia curvirostra minor) Jan.31, three in number.Of these, two contained young, just hatched.The others held three eggs, advanced in incubation.These nests were not far apart, in a small, open grove of spruce, fir, and hemlock, and were similarly placed on horizontal limbs of spruces, from twenty to forty feet from the ground and well out from the trunk.Some fifteen or twenty of the birds were constantly feeding about this grove, and by their noisy chatterings and restless movements attracted •ny attention to the•n.Though hardly expecting to find them nesting at so early a date, I nevertheless watched them closely.Soon I saw a single bird leave the feeding flock.I)a•ting anay through the trees he disappeared among the lower branches from which he soon emerged and joined his companions.A careful search among the branches into which this bird had flown, revealed a nest, well concealed amid clustering sprigs of the evergreen.The sitting female carefully watched my movements a• I approached the nest and upon my reaching out to touch her raised the feathers on her crown, Opened her bill, and in short made herself look quite ferocious.. Finally sliding off the nest, she flitted about within a few feet of me, keeping up an angry chirping, in which she was soon joined by her mate.This nest was some twenty feet up, and fully ten feet out from the trunk, saddled on the horizontal limb among clusters of t•e foliage and protected from above by overhanging branchbs.The other two nests were discovered in the same way --by watching the feeding flock, and noting the movements of birds leaving it from time to time.ß During the following months, many other nests were found.Great diversity in choice of nesting sites among individuals of both species was noticed to exist.Nests of the American Crossbill were found in spruces, firs, and hemlocks at elevations ranging from ten to eighty feet.Most nests were found in spruces of large growth and with thick, spreading branches in open woods.Others were found in dense groves of evergreens in the little bunch of foliage at the extreme top of otherwise denuded firs, while still others were found concealed in dead trees of the same kind among the hanging moss and twigs, close to the trunk.A few nests were found in young hemlocks in the little clusters of twigs that sprout out at the junction of the branches and trunk.The character of the woods did not seem to affect the choice of the birds much, provided that cone-bearing trees were near at hand.Thus nests were found in d•T open upland woods as well as in the low dense growths of the swamps, and in woods of.mixed growth as well as in evergreens alone.Nests of the White-winged species (Loxia leucoptera) were found in Vol.XXIII'I General Notes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".