Bibliographic record
Abstract
THE following observations were made between August 15, 1909, and February 1, 1910, within a five mile radius of the northern end of Birch Lake, Alberta (latitude 53 ø 20 • N., longitude 111 ø 40 • W.), about 90 miles east of Edmonton, the capital of the province.The altitude here is about 1,800 feet above sea level.Birch Lake itself is a large body of water, some 20 square miles in area, sending northward a long shallow arm.The country immediately surrounding this northern arm consists of level prairie, the smooth expanse of grass occasionally interspersed with patches of bushes.About a mile and a half north of the lake the topography changes to low, rolling hills, with an increase of the bushy growth and scattered groups of small trees.This area is thickly dotted with shallow sloughs and small lakes of varying sizes; the whole forming an admirable resort for wild fowl and waders...The waders, however, seemed to leave this region very early.On August 15 when Birch Lake was first visited many varieties of shore birds were seen by hundreds, but on returning on the 19th the numbers were much diminished; thereafter they kept leaving steadily, until by September i (when, by the way, the shooting season in Alberta opens on these birds) the great majority had left for the south.Yellowlegs and Pectoral Sandpipers were the only species that remained abundant through September.The list is obviously limited, but as the observers went into the country purely on a shooting trip, birds other than wild fowl and waders were noted only during spare moments, or when they chanced to be in the writers' paths.1. Colyrnbus holbcelli.HOLBCELL'S GREBE.--A.few seen Sept. 3. 2. Colyrnbus auritus.HORNED GREBE.--Severalnoted.3. Podi!yrnbus podiceps.P•ED-B•LLED GREBE.--Quitecommon.4. Gavia irnmer.LooN.--One immature shot, Sept. 15. 5. Larus delawarensis.I•ING-BILLED GULL.--Fairly common on larger bodies of water.Vol.XXyIH] 1911
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.097 | 0.031 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".