Bibliographic record
Abstract
Oberholser's Revision of the Ladder-backed Woodpeckers.1-This revision is based on the material available for study in the principal museums of the United States numbering altogether 560 specimens brought together by Mr. Ridgway for use in the preparation of his Birds of North and Middle AmericaJ Under Mr. Oberholser's standard of subspecies "the six currently recognized races are here increased to fifteen."Dryobates scalar'ks bairdi of the A. O. U. Check-List is here treated as extralimital with the assigned type locality the State of Hidalgo, Mexico.From the old bairdi of the Check-List are carved D. s. symplectus and D. s. cactophilus, the former ranging from southeastern Colorado south through Oklahoma and Texas into eastern Mexico, the latter from southeastern California, Arizona and New Mexico south into the State of Durango.The other seven new forms are from various localities in central and southern Mexico, and Nicaragua.The ranges of all the forms are indicated on an accompanying map.--J. A. A. Oberholser's Revision of the Hairy Woodpeckers. 2 --This study, the author tells us was undertaken largely at the request of Mr. Ridgway, and is based on the material he had gathered from the leading museums of this country for use in the preparation of the forthcoming fifth part of his ' Birds of North and Middle America,' the specimens of this group alone numbering 1070.As is well known, the Hairy Woodpecker group ranges from Alaska and northern Canada south to Panama, and comprises many well-marked forms.The fourteen hitherto currently recognized subspecies are here increased to twenty.The nanhe of the Northern Hairy Woodpecker is changed from Dryobates villosus leucomelas (Boddaert) to D. v. septerttriortalis (Nuttall).Boddaert's nanhe was based on Brisson's description of his "Picus varius canadensis" and on D'Aubenton's plate of Buffon's "Epeiche du Canada," the locality being simply "Canada."Mr. Oberholser finding that the measurements given by Brisson and indicated in DAubenton's drawing appear to be "altogether too small for the large race of northern Canada," the name leucomelas is treated as a synonym of D. villosus wgllosus and replaced by the next available designation, based on birds from the Saskatchewan River.Inasmuch as the range of overlapping individual variation in the length of the wing in the two forms is one third of the average difference between them, and as Brissons specimens are quite likely to have conhe from either Quebec or Montreal (Oberholser records specimens of the northern form from as fax A Revision of the Forms of the Ladder-backed Woodpeckers (Dryobates scalaris [Wagler]).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".