Two Flycatchers of the Genus Empidonax New to the Fauna of South Carolina
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This is apparently the only Michigan specimen of this species that has been preserved.It should be pointed out that at Sault Ste.Marie the northern peninsula is only separated from Canada by the width of the Saint Mary's River, so that northern forms may enter our limits most easily at this place.--NOn.•AN A. Woou, Museum of Natural History, University of Michigan.Arkansas Kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis) in Delaware.--OnDecember 31, 1912, while on a collecting trip with M,.Charles J. Pemmck at Rehobotb, Delaware, we fell in with four individuals of this species, two of which were secured.The bi•ds were apparently engaged in catching some kind of small insect near the ground over an old corn field, darting down from the tops of the'stripped stalks aud returning to the same perch in the regular Kingbird mamier.They were rather wild and difficult to approach.On examiuatiou the stomach was found to contain numerous fragments of some small beetle-like insect.The specimens secured were an immature male and female.The occurrence of this species so far to the east of its normal range is further attested by the specimen captured by Mr. F. H. Kmmard ou October 20, 1912, at Monomoy Island, Chatham, Mass., "just off the heel of Cape Cod" (The Auk, Vol.XXX, Jam 1913, p. 112).All of these individuals were thus close to the sea, our birds being just back of the beach, with a strip of salt marsh and narrow tangle of greenbrier interve•fing.It seems reasonable to believe that these were all bi•ds that had bred or been raised in the northern portion of the species' range, possibly somewhere in the Saskatchewan region, and that they went adrift in some westerly gale far to the southeast of their regular track at the outset of the fall migration, reaching the coast of New England and moving to the southward aloug the shore, lingering, without doubt, on the prairie-like stretches of the Coastal Plain in Long Island and New Jersey.--SrENcEnTROTTER, Swarthmore College, Per, ha.The Wood Pewee as a Foster Parent.--Thepast season a pair of Kingbirds reared a brood of young in a burr oak standing near my parlor window.In my yard all sramnet long a lone Wood Pewee took up its headquarters.This latter bird, so far as I could learn, was not breeding -at least there was no nest within a half mile of the house.Early in July we had a severe wind and electrical storm.A few days later I failed to find the parent Kingbirds, though three young, just from nest were about the yard, very noisy all the while.On July 20, when within 100 feet of •hem, I saw a lone Wood Pewee feeding these young Khigbirds-and was an interested spectator of the act for a full half hour --and the same thing was observed daily for about ten days• when the Kingbirds left for other quarters.--W.E. S•u•n, Beaver Dam, Wis.Two Flycatchers of the Genus Empidonax New to the Fauna of South Carolina.--Sincemy ' Birds of South Carolina ' was published in Vol.XXX] 1913 ] Ger•eral No•es.273 This is apparently the only Michigan specimen of this species that has been preserved.It should be pointed out that at Sault Ste.Marie the northern peninsula is only separated from Canada by the width of the Saint Mary's River, so that northern forms may enter our limits most easily at this place.--NOn.•AN A. Woou, Museum of Natural History, University of Michigan.Arkansas Kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis) in Delaware.--OnDecember 31, 1912, while on a collecting trip with M,.Charles J. Pemmck at Starlings and Turkey Vultures Migrating.--OnJanuary 3, 1912, the weather became bitter cold --following an open winter to that date, and January 4 found a flock of Sta•lings in Warwick Co., Va., January 6, there was a heavy snow for this section, and on the 8th a large flock was seen again in Warwick Co., while birds were killed by local gunners in Elizabeth City and Norfolk Counties.Cold weather continued until January 24 when a bright warm day induced a big flight of Turkey Vultures to recross James River at a point opposite my house-their numbers being in the hundreds.The fright of March 5 it snowed again, and on the 6th a small 274 General Notes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".