Bibliographic record
Abstract
Another Deformed BilL--On page 279 of the April nmnber of 'The Auk', •9o4, is figured and described an abnormal bill of Corvus americanus.This brought to •nind a bill deformity in the English Sparrow in my collection, of which I herewith append a description :-Passer domesNcus, •, Snyder Collection, No. 5399, San Jose, Calif., Ja•. 3, •9 (•, coll.by Ernest Adams.Plumage and lo•ver mandible normal; both mandibles of usual color.Upper mandible: Length, •8. 5 ram., width, 6 m•n.; depth 4 mtn.; notched on both sides, the notch being back 4-5 min.frown tip.Tip of mandible broken off abruptly.Mandible from base to rio of equal depth and width thronghout.•W. E. S•x•)vm, Beaver Dam, Clay-colored 8parrow in the Cariboo District, British Columbia.•On the3 d July, z9oz • at •58-Mile Hous% Cariboo District• • sho• two sparrows which I identified at the time as Sfi/zella brewerL I now find these to be Clay-colored Sparrows, S•zella fiall[da, • another instance of the infusion of the Great Plains element so noticeable in that District.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".