MORPHOLOGICAL AND SPECIES CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SIMULIUM DAMNOSUM COMPLEX IN AGBA, NIGERIA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Despite the “Decade of Vaccines” in Africa, Nigeria continues to experience low routine immunization coverage, accounting for the highest number of unimmunized children globally. In 2017, over 4.3 million Nigerian children remained unimmunized, representing more than a quarter of all unimmunized children worldwide. Routine immunization coverage in Nigeria fluctuated between 33% and 54% from 2013 to 2017, with Kaduna State performing below the national average at 30%. Factors contributing to incomplete vaccination include lack of caregiver education, service delivery challenges, mistrust, and family constraints. In response, routine immunization was declared a public health emergency in 2017, with the establishment of coordination centers at national, state, and local levels. Strategic interventions implemented in Kaduna State—such as fixed and outreach services, optimized routine immunization supportive supervision, and periodic intensification campaigns—have gradually improved coverage from 45% in late 2017 to 73% in late 2018. These findings underscore the need for sustained, targeted strategies to reduce missed opportunities and improve equitable access to routine immunization in Nigeria.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".