Fostering Active Neighbourhoods: Exploring the Role of Parental Social Support in the Relationship between the Built Environment and Children’s Physical Activity.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Context: Individual, social, and built environments interact to shape physical activity (PA), with responses to environmental cues often differing by gender. Such cross-level interactions are widely acknowledged, yet rarely examined. Moreover, light physical activity (LPA) is infrequently studied yet may be particularly sensitive to such influences.Objective: To estimate the gender-specific average exposure effects of neighbourhood environment (NBE) features on minutes of LPA in children, exploring the potential contribution of parental social support (SS) as both moderator and mediator.Methods: Data were from the QUALITY cohort, an ongoing investigation of the natural history of obesity in 630 Quebec families. A prospective analysis was undertaken using data collected in 2008-2010. NBE features (pedestrian aids, traffic calming features, neighborhood disorder, park frequency) were measured using audits and a GIS, prior to children’s clinical visit; all other measures were collected during or shortly after their clinical visit. PA was measured using accelerometers. SS was measured using the Sallis Parental Scale. VanderWeele’s 4-way decomposition analysis method was performed on each exposure. Sex-specific models controlled for age, income, parental education, and MVPA.Results: There were 204 girls and 250 boys aged 11 years, on average. Boys and girls accumulated 361 (SD: 62) and 348 (SD: 58) minutes of LPA on average, respectively. Estimated total average effects of the 4 built environment features on LPA ranged from 3.1 to 11.2 in boys and from -6.8 to -2.6 in girls. In 4-way decomposition, little of the total effect was due to mediated interaction or pure mediation. SS emerged as an effect modifier of most associations between NBE features and LPA. In the absence of SS, apparently favourable neighbourhood features were associated with fewer minutes of LPA ; this was observed for all 4 NBE features in girls, and for park frequency and the traffic calming indicator in boys. However, in the presence of SS, these effects were largely mitigated, in both girls and boys. Conclusions: In our population, the total average effect of BE features on LPA was small, and negative in girls. Measures designed to facilitate walking or to attenuate vehicular may not be sufficient to foster LPA in neighbourhoods that are especially susceptible to heavy traffic volumes. Although there was little evidence of a mediating role for SS, it emerged as a strong and consistent moderator. Though estimates generally lacked precision, findings are nevertheless consistent with up to 45 additional minutes of LPA in the presence of parental SS. Consistent with the socio-environmental framework, our findings suggest that the benefits of neighbourhood-level infrastructure may be further enhanced in the presence of social support
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".