Vitamin D status and bone health in Inuit women 40 years of age and older
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and calcium intakes and a high risk of fracture have been separately reported in Inuit women. We examined vitamin D status, nutrient intake, and forearm bone mineral density (fBMD) in Inuit women (n=419, aged 40-90 y) from Nunavut. Fasting serum was assayed for 25(OH)D, osteocalcin (OC) and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Vitamin D status was below optimal (≤ 75 nmol/L) in 69.4% of pre- and 37.6% of postmenopausal women. Vitamin D and calcium intakes (per 1000 kcal) tended to increase with age. Low fBMD was observed in 33% of post- (T-score < -1.5) and 2% of premenopausal women (Z-score < -2). Predictors of fBMD included body mass index and OC, and age in the post- and PTH in the premenopausal group. Lower vitamin D status and dietary nutrient density among premenopausal women suggests a greater risk for osteoporosis with aging compared to the previous generation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".