Antioxidant capacity and bioavailabilty of active constituents of «Larix laricina», a medicinal plant used to treat Type 2 Diabetes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and contribute to the onset of many associated complications. Larix laricina is a native medicinal plant highly respected by the Cree elders and healers of James Bay, Québec, and has been used to treat diabetes related symptoms for generations. Previous studies have validated the strong anti-diabetic potential of L. laricina as well as its significant antioxidant activities and high polyphenol content. Here, we explore antioxidant activity as an underlying mechanism of anti-diabetic effects of L. laricina, hypothesizing that polyphenols represent the most active constituents, efficiently scavenging endogenous and deleterious ROS. This thesis investigated the antioxidant capacity and bioavailability of active constituents of L. laricina. Using Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay, the antioxidant potential of L. laricina extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated and major antioxidants were identified. Using the Caco-2 cell monolayer model of intestinal absorption and liquid chromatography – mass spectroscopy (ESI-LC-MS/MS) to detect and quantify metabolites, the permiability to active constituents were determined. The L. laricina crude extract possessed strong antioxidant potential in vitro (7.1 ± 0.3 Trolox equivalents (TE) μM /mg). Among the L. laricina 16 fractions, fraction 10 showed the highest antioxidant capacity (21.840 ± 1.679 μM TE/mg). Among the isolated pure compounds, the stilbene rhaponticin identified from fraction 10 showed the strongest antioxidant activity (24.620 ± 1.116 μM TE/mg). The subsequent Caco-2 transport study demonstrated that none of the identified compounds were detectable in basolateral samples after treatment with crude extract. In monolayers treated with fraction 10 (60% rhaponticin), however, small quantities of rhaponticin were detected in basolateral samples. The apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) of rhaponticin were 1.857 × 10-8 cm/sec (0 min – 60 min) and 1.455 × 10-9 cm/sec (60 min – 120 min). In the ORAC assay of basolateral samples, L. laricina crude extract and rhaponticin showed a trend for stronger antioxidant benefits compared with control.L. laricina possesses very significant antioxidant potential in vitro, specifically its most active constituent, rhaponticin. However, rhaponticin and other active constituents appear to possess low permeability in the Caco-2 cell monolayer model. More study is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms regulating the absorption of polyphenols including rhaponticin of L. laricina.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".