Permeability changes in Lindsay Limestone due to isotropic compression
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Lindsay Formation located in southern Ontario has been selected as a site for the construction of a deep geological repository for low to intermediate level nuclear waste. In order to prevent the migration of any radionuclides escaping the engineered barriers within the repository, the underlying material, Lindsay Limestone, must also be treated as an additional barrier. This thesis examines the use of hydraulic pulse testing in order to estimate the permeability of Lindsay Limestone. Tests are performed on 100 mm diameter samples cored both perpendicular to and along the bedding planes. The samples are subjected to isotropic confining stresses that are cycled from 5 MPa to 20 MPa resulting in a seven times increase in permeability perpendicular to the bedding plane, and a slight decrease parallel to the bedding plane. Including the recorded alterations, permeability estimates all remain ≤10^-22 m^2 showing that the material is a good candidate for a geological repository.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".