Epiphanis cristatus LeConte 1852

Epiphanis cristatus LeConte, 1852, status restored FiG. 34–41 EPiPHANis cristAtus LeConte 1852: 46. Differential diagnosis. LonGer tHan wide and distally truncated scutellar sHield will distinGuisH E. cristAtus froM E. AiNu, E. bAsque, E. devillei, E. meNomiNee and E. ute. Posteriorly truncated MetatHoracic coxal plates will furtHer distinGuisH tHe eucneMid species froM E. APAcHe, E. corNutus, E. dobuuNi, E. HoH, E. kwAkiutl, E. NAvAjo, E. sHosHoNe and E. yAyoi. StraiGHt Hind anGles of tHe pronotuM will separate E. cristAtus froM E. tristis. Type material. Female holotype: (dirty pink dot) / “ E. cristatus;? Lec.” (Handwritten label) / “Type; 2371” (red label; ‘2371’ Handwritten on label) / “cornutus 3” (Handwritten label) / “ Holotype; Muona note 86” (Handwritten label) / “ AuG.–Dec.2004; MCZ IMaGe; Database” (black fraMed printed label witH caMera icon indicated on left side) (MCZ). Specimens examined. Fourteen speciMens were available for study: CANADA: NOVA SCOTIA: “ NOVA SCOTIA; Cape Breton H.N.P.; Lone SHielinG; PG729861” / “ 1.VII.1983; R. VockerotH; Malaise Trap” (1, CNCI); “ NOVA SCOTIA; Cape Breton H.N.P.; MacKenzie Mtn.; PG648868” / “ 7.VII.1983; R. VockerotH; Malaise” (1, CNCI); ONTARIO: “Pr. Edw. Co.; Ont.; 5.VII.25; BriMley” (date Handwritten on label; ‘BriMley typed across left side of label) / J.F. BriMley; Collection; BequeatHed 1976” / “PHleGon; Heterocerus; 9174. J.F.B. Say” (Handwritten black fraMed label) / “J. Muona 1980; EpipHanis cornutus (EscHz) ” (‘0’, ‘ EpipHanis cornutus (EscHz) ’ Handwritten on label) (1, CNCI); QUÉBEC: “Gaspé Co., Que.; 10 AuG. 1933; E.B. Watson” (’10 AuG.’ and ‘3’ Handwritten on label) (1, CNCI); UNITED STATES of AMERICA: MAINE: Aroostook County: “ MAINE: Aroostook Co.; 0.9kM WNW Madawaska; 47.358543, −68.332134; 153M, 11–25 Jul 2019; J. BitHer, LFT, BSF# 86363” (1, CMNH); Cumberland County: “Peaks Island” / “Me.” (Handwritten wHitisH label) (2, JMC); PENNSYLVANIA: Westmoreland County: “Jeanette; V.22 Pa.; H.G. KlaGes” (‘V.22’ Handwritten on label) / “H. KlaGes Coll’n; C.M. Acc. 11414” / “ EpipHanis; cornutus EscH.; J. Muona det.” (1, CMNH); unknown locality: “Pen” / “Collection; de Bonvouloir” (black fraMed wHite label) / “MUSÉUM PARIS; 1952; coll. R. ObertHür” (1, MNHN); “Pen” / EpipHanis; cornutus; EscH.” (Handwritten) / “Collection; de Bonvouloir” (black fraMed wHite label) / “MUSÉUM PARIS; 1952; coll. R. ObertHür” (1, MNHN); “N. East; Pa. VII.17” (Handwritten) / “H. KlaGes Coll’n; C.M. Acc. 11414” (1, CMNH); WISCONSIN: Florence County: “WI: Florence Co., Lost Lake CaMpGround, N45.88327°, W-088.56011°, EABT024749A, 15 July 2011, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken froM EAB, prisM trap baited, witH Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexen-1-ol” / “Collection of tHe Global, EucneMid ResearcH Project, (Robert L. Otto)” (Green fraMed wHite label) (1, GERP); Forest County: “WI: Forest Co., AlonG County Road S, N45.66328° / W088.94321°, 27 July 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken froM EAB, PrisM Trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” / “Collection of tHe Global, EucneMid ResearcH Project, (Robert L. Otto)” (Green fraMed wHite label) (1, GERP); “WI: Forest Co., alonG State Hwy 55, N45.74393° / W088.84100°, 28 July 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken froM EAB, PrisM Trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” / “Collection of tHe Global, EucneMid ResearcH Project, (Robert L. Otto)” (Green fraMed wHite label) (1, GERP); “WI: Forest Co., alonG Ward Ln., N45.52541° / W088.96331°, 12 AuGust 2009, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken froM EAB, PrisM Trap baited, w/ Manuka oil” / “Collection of tHe Global, EucneMid ResearcH Project, (Robert L. Otto)” (Green fraMed wHite label) (1, GERP); Marinette County: “WI: Marinette Co., alonG LundGren Lake Road, N45.62107°, W−088.01377°, EABT020739B, 15 July 2011, Robert L. Otto” / “Taken froM EAB, prisM trap baited, witH Manuka oil, & Z3-Hexen-1-ol” / “Collection of tHe Global, EucneMid ResearcH Project, (Robert L. Otto)” (Green fraMed wHite label) (1, GERP). Redescription. LenGtH 4.0–4.5 MM. WidtH 1.0 MM. Body oblonG, elonGate; color variable witH eitHer dark brownisH black Head/pronotuM and reddisH-brown elytra or uniforMly dark brown; antennae reddisH brown; leGs dark reddisH-brown to brownisH black; Head, pronotuM and elytra clotHed witH sHort, recuMbent yellowisH setae (FiG. 34–35). Head (FiG. 36–37): SubspHerical, frontoMedial crest carinulate, Moderately produced on frons above antennal insertions; sHort, Median carina absent to variably indicated on vertex in botH Males and feMales; surfaces sHiny, punctures deep, closely dispersed; apical MarGin of frontoclypeal reGion evenly rounded, about 2.0 tiMes wider tHan base; Mandibles stout, bidentate, densely punctate. Antennae: FlaGelloMeres VI–IX capitate, about 1/2 of body lenGtH; ♂ (FiG. 38): flaGelloMere I as lonG as tHe pedicel, sliGHtly lonGer tHan II; flaGelloMere II–V eacH sub-equal, eacH quadrate; flaGelloMere VI sliGHtly sHorter tHan flaGelloMere VII, sliGHtly sHorter tHan tHe coMbined lenGtHs of flaGelloMeres II–V; flaGelloMeres VII–VIII eacH lonGer tHan wide, sub-equal, eacH as lonG as tHe coMbined lenGtHs of flaGelloMeres II–V; flaGelloMere IX lonGer tHan VIII; ♀ (FiG. 39): flaGelloMere I sliGHtly lonGer tHan tHe pedicel, lonGer tHan II; flaGelloMeres II–V eacH sub-equal, eacH sliGHtly lonGer tHan wide; flaGelloMeres VI–IX eacH lonGer tHan wide, sub-equal, eacH as lonG as tHe coMbined lenGtHs of flaGelloMeres V– VI. Pronotum: Surfaces sHiny; punctures sHallow, evenly dispersed; quadrate, witH well-developed sHarp Hind anGles; sub-parallel-sided at basal 3/4, arcuate and narrowinG craniad at apical 1/4; disc convex, witHout Median Groove or carina; base sinuous, witH a sHort, Median, flat carina present above scutellar sHield. Scutellar shield: sub-trianGular-sHaped, lonGer tHan wide, sHallowly punctate, setose and distally truncated. Elytra: Striae indicated tHrouGHout elytral disc; interstices sliGHtly elevated; surfaces sHiny; surface transversely ruGose at basal 1/4, punctures sHallow, irreGular and evenly spaced at apical 3/4; specialized punctures/pores present at elytral apices. Legs: First tarsoMere sliGHtly sHorter tHan tHe coMbined lenGtH of reMaininG four on MesotHoracic and MetatHoracic tarsi; tibiae rounded in cross section; lateral surface of MesotHoracic and MetatHoracic tibiae witH setae only; MetatHoracic tarsoMeres I–IV siMple; MetatHoracic tarsoMere V elonGate; pretarsal claws siMple. Venter (FiG. 40): Punctures soMewHat deep, evenly dispersed; surface witH recuMbent yellowisH setae; HypoMeron witHout antennal Grooves, surfaces sHiny widely spaced, sHallow punctures; MetatHoracic episterna parallel-sided; MetatHoracic coxal plates Medially 3.0–6.0 tiMes wider tHan laterally, truncated posteriorly. Aedeagus (FiG. 41). Basal piece lonGer tHan wide, sides lineal, narrowinG apically, dorsally open, apically rounded; reMaininG parts parallel-sided, elonGate, apically as wide as base; paraMeres elonGate, bilobed; upper lobes narrower tHan lower lobes, anGulated; lower lobes wider, lonGer, sliGHtly asyMMetrical apically; Median lobe elonGate and broad, widely and deeply bifid, sHorter tHan tHe paraMeres. Distribution. In Canada, tHis rarely encountered species was taken in Nova Scotia, Ontario and Québec. In tHe United States, E. cristAtus was taken froM Maine, New York, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin. Biology. One adult was taken froM a LindGren funnel trap in Maine. Three speciMens were taken froM purple prisM traps baited witH Manuka oil in Wisconsin. Two speciMens were taken froM a purple prisM trap baited witH Manuka oil and Z3-Hexen-1-ol in Wisconsin. This species Has been taken froM nortHern Mesic forests and nortHern wet forests in nortHeastern Wisconsin. Two speciMens were taken froM Malaise traps deployed in Nova Scotia Canada. IMMatures are unknown. Note. LeConte (1852: 46) noted tHe type for E. cristAtus was collected froM New York. After exaMininG tHe Holotype for E. cristAtus and coMparinG tHe speciMen aGainst iMaGes of tHe Holotype for E. corNutus, I found tHese species are quite different, especially tHe structures of tHe MetatHoracic coxal plates. These two species are to be separated based on soMe of tHe differences observed between tHese two species, resultinG in tHe resurrection of E. cristAtus status restored as a distinct and separate species froM E. corNutus.

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