FEATURED PHOTO: THE MANGROVE YELLOW WARBLER REACHES CALIFORNIA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Yellow Warbler (Setophaga petechia) comprises three groups of subspecies distributed across the Americas, from Alaska and northern Canada south through the West Indies and the mainland of Middle America to the northern coast of South America and the Galapagos Islands. The groups differ primarily in the head pattern of adult males (Lowther et al. 1999). The Northern Yellow Warbler (S. p. aestiva group) comprises the predominantly migratory subspecies with a green and/or yellow crown that breed across much of the United States, Canada, and northern and central Mexico; the Golden Yellow Warbler (S. p. petechia group) comprises the largely resident subspecies, most with a chestnut crown, found in south Florida, the Caribbean, and the coast of northeastern South America; and the Mangrove Yellow Warbler (S. p. erithachorides group) comprises the largely resident subspecies, most with a fully chestnut head, found in coastal mangroves from extreme southern Texas and central Baja California south as far as the coast of northwestern South America, with an isolated population on the Galapagos Islands that resembles the Golden Yellow Warbler in the extent of red on the head (Lowther et al. 1999). Although currently considered one species (AOU 1998), each of the three subspecies groups has been considered a full species by some authors (Hellmayr 1935).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.193 | 0.043 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".