FIRST OCCURRENCE OF THE CAVE SWALLOW IN BRITISH COLUMBIA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
On 11 November 2012 we observed a group of four swallows foraging over a freshwater pond at Iona Island Regional Park in Richmond, British Columbia (49° 21´ N 123° 21´ W). At a distance of 100 m, we quickly identified three of them as Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica), while the fourth appeared at first to be a Cliff Swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota). When it got closer to the observers, we identified the fourth bird—by its dark cinnamon-orange forehead, pale cinnamon-orange throat and chin, and dark cinnamon-orange rump—as a Cave Swallow (Petrochelidon fulva) (Figures 1 and 2), a species previously unknown in British Columbia. The bird remained at Iona Island for nine days (to 19 November), during which period it was seen and photographed by many. Photographs show that the bird was undergoing primary molt and that it had replaced primaries 1 through 6 (Figure 1). The prebasic molt of adult Cave Swallows begins promptly after breeding, with flight feathers being replaced from June through September. In contrast, the preformative molt of immature birds occurs later, in the fall and winter, with flight-feather replacement from September through March (Pyle 1997). Given the date of our observation and the extent of primary replacement, we aged the bird as an immature in preformative molt.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".