A case study analysis of permanent transfers of water rights in southern Alberta
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Alberta, water license holders can transfer water allocations on a temporary basis and water rights on a permanent basis. The temporary trade of water allocations provides flexibility to manage water in times of short-term water supply constraints, while the permanent trade of water rights facilitates long-term adjustment in anticipation of future water constraints and the shifting of water from inefficient low value users to efficient high value users. This study investigates the market for the trade of water rights in southern Alberta and finds that this market is exhibiting many of the characteristics of early water markets elsewhere. At a time when the Alberta government is ushering in a new water management system through its Water for Life Strategy, the market for water rights is contributing to the government's efficiency and productivity goals, albeit to a minimal degree due to the marginal amount of market activity occurring. At the same time such activity may be compromising water conservation efforts. In the long run, environmental and policy changes that impose greater water constraints will hasten market development. In the meantime, practical changes to administrative systems that facilitate information flow and reduce transaction costs are recommended.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".