Comercio exterior y cooperación en materia ambiental en México
Bibliographic record
Abstract
espanolLa inclusion del tema ambiental, en los acuerdos comerciales representa un desafio para los paises, principalmente para los que se encuentran en vias de desarrollo. Dado que, en la medida en que estos, asumen compromisos, muchas veces su incumplimiento puede generar serias consecuencias monetarias y comerciales (Vaughan y Block 2002). Uno de los principales obstaculos para el cumplimiento de dichos acuerdos se relaciona con factores estructurales, legales y culturales; que tienden a obstaculizar la implementacion de acciones de gestion ambiental, que garanticen la consecucion de compromisos ambientales entre diferentes paises. En este capitulo se dan a conocer los esfuerzos mas importantes que en materia ambiental; ha realizado Mexico, especificamente se estudia: el acuerdo en materia de cooperacion ambiental firmado con Estados Unidos y Canada, a partir del TRATADO DE LIBRE COMERCIO DE AMERICA DEL NORTE (TLCAN). Tambien, se hara referencia la estructura y funcionamiento de la COMISION, EL CONSEJO Y EL FONDO DE COOPERACION AMBIENTAL (CCA), al ACUERDO PARA EL FORTALECIMIENTO DE LA ASOCIACION ECONOMICA ENTRE MEXICO Y JAPON (AAE) y finalmente se analizaran los compromisos establecidos en esta materia, con la COMUNIDAD EUROPEA (CE). EnglishThe inclusion of environmental issues in trade agreements is a challenge for countries, mainly for those who are in the process of development. Since, as far as these, make commitments, often non-compliance can have serious consequences monetary and trade (Vaughan and Block 2002). One of the main obstacles to the fulfillment of these agreements is related to structural factors, legal and cultural, that tend to hinder the implementation of environmental management actions that ensure the achievement of environmental commitments between countries. This chapter discloses the most important efforts on environmental issues, has conducted in Mexico, specifically studied: the agreement on environmental cooperation signed with the United States and Canada, from FREE TRADE IN NORTH AMERICA (NAFTA). Also, reference the structure and functioning of the COMMISSION, THE COUNCIL AND THE BOTTOM OF ENVIRONMENTAL COOPERATION (CEC), the AGREEMENT TO STRENGTHEN ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN MEXICO AND JAPAN (EPA) and finally analyze the commitments in this matter, with the EUROPEAN COMMUNITY (EC).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".