Bibliographic record
Abstract
Earlier this spring at an international surgical meeting I greeted my Toronto colleagues with the offer of a handshake. They expressed surprise at my offer, considering that they had come from a city isolated by the devastating effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)! Clearly they were joking, but sadly it was true. This event and other serious setbacks in Canada in 2003, although seemingly unrelated, all affected surgical practice and the surgical academy. Canada was hard hit by the SARS epidemic. Particularly distressing was its effect on patients' access to care. Many who had patiently waited their turn for surgical procedures were forced to wait still longer, exacerbating the already unacceptable waiting periods for surgery. The effects on major scientific meetings were also devastating. The Canadian Orthopaedic Association was forced to delay its meeting until the fall. The Association for Surgical Education meeting in Vancouver suffered from poor attendance due to fears of travel to Canada. Research has been delayed also, with interrupted peer review processes in several scientific societies. Other unpredictable events have been equally disturbing. The identification of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in a single animal in Alberta has destroyed the export beef market. This has diverted attention from Romanow's well-intentioned recommendations for a national health council to address instead a devastated economy. A massive power failure that swept Eastern Canada in August resulted in delays for the surgical research community when it held up submission of funding requests to the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Finally, a path of destruction from massive fires in Western Canada disrupted hospital services and consumed homes, including those of some surgeons in Kelowna, BC. All these events in 2003 should make us vigilant and better prepared for the future. We need to redouble our effort to ensure our success in several areas. The potential challenges that infectious diseases such as SARS may pose during the next influenza season require that every operating room executive team to be prepared well in advance. In future health reform, surgeons need to contribute to discussions that address problems of access to surgical care. Health councils of the future need advice about the care of surgical patients. The surgical academy should take note of the strategies that diverted funds to the urgent investigation of SARS. Surgical problems must be acknowledged as deserving of priority funds, and therefore surgical investigators must play a role in peer review of funding for scientific agencies. Finally, Canadian governments have recognized the importance of educating a greater number of undergraduate and postgraduate trainees who will make up the next generation of surgical health professionals; the events of 2003 must not divert priorities for funding this enterprise. The Canadian Journal of Surgery (CJS) can help play a central role in communication as we address all of these issues. The CJS mission statement is increasingly relevant to the provision of timely, effective surgical care and the dissemination of new health knowledge in the surgical sciences. Garth L. Warnock, MD Coeditor
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.123 | 0.023 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".