Multiple antibiotic sensitivity syndrome in children.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Multiple antibiotic sensitivity syndrome with adverse drug reactions to multiple classes of antibiotics has been described in adults but is not well characterized in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Charts of children referred to the adverse drug reaction clinic at the Children's Hospital of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, with adverse drug reactions to multiple antibiotics were reviewed to determine the number of patients with adverse drug reactions to multiple classes of antibiotics and the clinical characteristics of the adverse events. RESULTS: The records of 97 children who were selected as possible candidates for multiple antibiotic sensitivity were studied. These records constituted 11% of referrals to a highly specialized adverse drug reaction clinic, suggesting that in usual clinical practice, this entity, if it does indeed constitute a distinct clinical entity, is quite uncommon. Age at time of the first adverse drug reaction was 26.1+/-26.3 (mean +/- SD) months. Among the 97 children, adverse reactions to five classes of antibiotic were noted in 3.1%, to four in 10.3%, to three in 47. 4% and to two in 39.2%. Most children (85.6%) experienced an adverse reaction to a penicillin, while 71.1% reacted to a cephalosporin, 80. 4% to a sulphonamide and 35.1% to a macrolide. Clinical presentations of the adverse reactions included urticaria or pruritus, other rash, serum sickness-like reaction, angioedema or anaphylaxis, erythema multiforme or Stevens-Johnson syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: There are children who have what appears to be immunologically mediated adverse drug reactions to antibiotics of multiple classes. These reactions, which most commonly manifest as urticaria or other rashes, follow drug use patterns. It remains to be defined whether this is a distinct clinical syndrome or a manifestation of a more fundamental problem in dealing with xenobiotics in the setting of infection. Further work on the immunological and/or biochemical determinants of the multiple antibiotic sensitivity syndrome (MASS) is needed to understand the pathophysiology and determinants of MASS and whether MASS constitutes a distinct clinical entity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".