Experimental Study of a Façade-integrated Photovoltaic/thermal System with Unglazed Transpired Collector
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Building façades and roofs receive significant amounts of solar radiation that can be used to generate useful renewable energy onsite. Photovoltaic (PV) technology may be integrated into well-oriented building surfaces to convert up to 20% of incident solar energy into useful renewable electricity. However, most of the solar energy not converted into electricity is turned into heat, which must be appropriately vented to the exterior to avoid overheating and reduced PV lifetime or delamination. Building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) systems recover the useful excess heat from the PV modules for use within the building, in addition to generating electricity. As the exterior cladding is replaced by the BIPV/T façade, costs associated with traditional building materials can be avoided through architectural integration. \n \nThis thesis presents an experimental study of a BIPV/T system made by mounting custom-designed PV modules over an unglazed transpired solar collector. Experimental testing of the prototype was performed in an outdoor testing facility at Concordia University and in a solar simulator - environmental chamber laboratory. The BIPV/T concept was applied to the façade (288 m²) of an institutional building in Montreal(45°N). Measured combined efficiency (thermal plus electrical) on the order of 50% shows the potential for BIPV/T technology to reduce the energy needs of the built environment while providing a durable building skin. Design correlations developed for predicting the performance of the BIPV/T system may be used for the design of similar systems in new buildings or for retrofit applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".