Chapter IX. Canada-U.S. International Ocean Law Relations In The North Pacific:Disputes, Agreements And Cooperation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter focuses on the disputes and the cooperative ocean relationships and agreements between Canada and the United States that directly involve or arise from issues of international ocean law in the North Pacific. Canada and the United States have had differing perspectives and interests regarding the Law of the Sea Convention. The United States' position is that the ocean boundary in Dixon Entrance should be based upon equidistance which produces a line generally favorable to the United States by moving the ocean boundary south of the A-B Line throughout most of its length. The United States maintains the Southeast Alaska Submarine Noise Measurement Facility (SEAFAC) in the Behm Canal in Alaska. Canada-United States agreements regarding Pacific halibut date back to 1923, with the most recent complete text being the 1979 Protocol to the 1953 Halibut Convention. Keywords: Canada; Dixon Entrance; Halibut Convention; international ocean law; Law of the Sea Convention; North Pacific; SEAFAC; United States
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.040 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".