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Oh Canada! B.C. ratifies North America's first carbon tax

2008· article· en· W7874613 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenuePower · 2008
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicCanadian Policy and Governance
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsLegislationRevenueMilestoneCarbon taxLegislatureTax revenueBusinessEconomic policyEconomicsEconomyNatural resource economicsPolitical scienceFinancePublic economicsGreenhouse gasLawGeographyArchaeology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The neonatal cat model of kaolin-induced hydrocephalus is associated with progressive and severe ventriculomegaly. In this experiment we studied the evolution of the histopathological changes in hydrocephalic (n = 23) cats from 5-168 days after the induction of hydrocephalus along with age-matched controls (n = 10). In the periventricular white matter, extracellular edema and axonal damage were present within days of the onset of hydrocephalus. This was followed by reactive gliosis, white matter atrophy, and in some animals gross cavitation of the white matter. Even in the chronic, apparently compensated state there was ongoing glial cell death. Six cats were shunted an average of 23.6 +/- 6.5 days after the induction of hydrocephalus because they were no longer able to feed independently. In spite of clinical improvement the white matter changes persisted. Overt cortical changes were minimal except where areas of white matter destruction encroached upon the deep layers. The white matter changes are very similar to those seen in periventricular leukomalacia and suggest that ischemia plays a role in neonatal brain injury caused by hydrocephalus.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.199
Threshold uncertainty score0.321

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.011
GPT teacher head0.219
Teacher spread0.208 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it