Management of High Stress and Seismicity at Vale Inco Creighton Mine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
At Creighton Mine, most of the seismicity occurs at depth and in close proximity to excavations. Seismic events are generally caused by mining induced stress fracturing of the surrounding rockmass and are typically triggered by blasting. Some significant seismic events, however, occur away from active mining areas, along major geological structures such as faults and shear zones and are characterized by low event densities and large magnitudes. These events have a direct link to the mining activity yet they do not always occur immediately or soon after production blasts. They are the result of fault slip movement along pre- existing, well-known sub-vertical geological shear zones. Slippage occurs when mining-induced stresses reduce the clamping stress on the fault or cause the shear stress to exceed the shear strength of the respective structure. In some cases, intact rock failure may occur if the shear zone is locked-up by asperities or by healing. The on-echelon fractures, when crushed, can lead to slips and major seismic events. These events represent risk to major infrastructure such as the haulage ramp and footwall accesses where the shear zones cross the excavations. This study summarizes the evolution and implementation of appropriate geotechnical design and practices for the management of the high stress and seismicity. It describes the overall ground control concepts used for the strategic enhanced support placement required to manage the high stress and seismicity at depth. Meanwhile, the analysis includes a case study for the understanding of the mechanism of major events that occur remotely from active mining areas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".