Characterization of phosphorylation changes and protein kinase activities in wheat head following infection with the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The presence on wheat crops of the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum poses serious financial and health-related problems in Canada. The fungus causes a significant decrease in yield and quality of the crop, in addition to producing mycotoxins, which can survive the milling process. Signaling processes involving protein kinases are thought to play a major role in the activation of a host defense response. A research project employing western detection experiments and kinase assays was initiated to determine whether the presence of F. graminearum caused changes in the level of protein kinases in cultivars Frontana (resistant) and Roblin (susceptible). The results indicated that F. graminearum had modest effects on phosphorylation levels of threonine and tyrosine residues. Moreover, differences occurred between the resistant and susceptible cultivar. Kinase assays did not show any variation in activity in either cultivar. A MAPK (w&barbelow;heat M&barbelow;APK h&barbelow;omologue-1&barbelow;) homologue was cloned, sequenced and shown to be identical to the wck-1 sequence found in the public database. Preliminary results show an increase in the level of transcript in the Fusarium-treated Frontana sample. The implications of the results are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".