Dual effect of polyphenolic compounds on cardiac Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase during development and persistence of hypertension in ratsThis article is one of a selection of papers published in a special issue on Advances in Cardiovascular Research.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The enzyme kinetics of cardiac Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase were used for characterizing the ATP- and Na(+)-binding sites after administration of red wine polyphenolic compounds (Provinol) during developing and sustained hypertension. Hypertension was induced in rats (LN group) by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 40 mg*kg(-1)*day(-1)). Provinol (40 mg*kg(-1)*day(-1)) was applied during developing hypertension (LNPF4 group) and sustained hypertension (LNPF7/3 group). Provinol reduced the number of active Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase molecules in cardiac tissue, as indicated by decreased V(max) values (by 33% in LNPF4 and 26% in LNPF7/3 compared with LN). Concerning qualitative properties of the enzyme, Provinol induced different effects on the ATP- and Na(+)-binding sites of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase. The ATP-binding site was impaired by Provinol, as indicated by increased K(m) value (by 52% in LNPF4 vs. LN), suggesting worsened utilization of substrate by the enzyme. In sustained hypertension, however, Provinol had no effect on the ATP-binding site, as indicated by unchanged K(m) value (LNPF7/3 vs. LN). On the other hand, the Na(+)-binding site was protected by Provinol, as suggested by decreased K(Na) value (by 72% in LNPF4 and 69% in LNPF7/3 vs. LN), indicating an increased affinity of the enzyme for sodium. Thus, Provinol appeared to stimulate the extrusion of Na(+) from cardiac cells, especially in the physiologically important range of sodium concentrations (2-10 mmol*L(-1)), during both developing and sustained hypertension.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".