THE IM P ACT OF INFORM A TION SECURITY BREACHES ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF THE BREACHED FIRMS: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIG A TION
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of information security breaches on firm performance. Unlike previous studies that used an event study methodology, we used a matched-sample comparison analysis to investigate the impact of securi ty breaches on firm performance. To investigate this impact, we considered subsequent four quarters following the security breach and determine if the breached firms’ performance decreased compared to that of the peer firms (control group). Although the breached firms’ sales and operating income did not decrease in the subsequent quarters following the breach, return on assets decreased in the third quarter. Also, performance of the control firms was h igher compared to that of the treatment firms in general. However, the breached firms’ sales increased significantly in the fourth quarter compared to those of the control firms.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it