Thebesian sinusoids: forgotten collaterals to papillary muscles.
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Papillary muscles of the left ventricle are prone to ischemic damage but seldom rupture, perhaps because they are protected by transendocardial diffusion and thebesian sinusoids as well as by arteries. Sinusoids are primitive vessels that precede coronary arteries as nutrient suppliers to all parts of the embryonic heart. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether sinusoids penetrate to the tips of papillary muscles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult hearts with and without evidence of acute and chronic ischemic lesions were selected. Papillary muscle sinusoids were perfused by black ink from the apex of the left ventricle. Papillary muscles and the adjacent ventricular free walls were then excised and fixed before gross and microscopic examination for inked sinusoids. Some fixed specimens were cleared through methyl salicylate and examined stereoscopically. RESULTS: The meshwork of trabeculae and, importantly, intertrabecular spaces lining the apex of the left ventricle continue into the deeply undercut bases of papillary muscles. In most hearts, sinusoids can be shown to extend from the undercut bases to the tips of human papillary muscles, especially in ischemic hearts. The compact myocardium of the adjacent ventricular free wall contains few sinusoids. CONCLUSIONS: Sinusoids may supplement normal arterial flow to papillary muscles and mitigate the effects of coronary occlusion. The authors hypothesize that the apex of the human left ventricle is adapted for sinusoidal flow to papillary muscles.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it