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Record W892998801 · doi:10.1128/9781555816865.ch1

The Fecal Environment, The Gut

2014· book-chapter· en· W892998801 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueASM Press eBooks · 2014
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicGastrointestinal motility and disorders
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Manitoba
Fundersnot available
KeywordsFecesBiologyEcology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This chapter examines the ecology of the digestive tract of humans and animals with particular reference to the association between anatomical structures, their related physiologies, the mode of feeding, and the functional association of specific microbial communities in different gut compartments of the digestive tract. A section provides the reader who is not familiar with the digestive tract, a brief, nonexhaustive summary of the major features of the digestive tract. The combination model is one in which the inefficiencies of foregut fermentation are translocated to the hindgut. In the competition model, exemplified by the meat eater, there is little hindgut fermentation but, in the combination model (exemplified by the horse, rabbit, and dugong), extensive fermentation in the cecum and colon is possible. The development of pregastric fermentation in herbivores is a very successful adaptation for animals consuming diets dominated by forages. In the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), the esophagus joins the pregastric chamber in close proximity to a sphincter-like muscular ring and most of the ingested food is deposited in this pregastric chamber. The rock hyrax (Procavia habessinica) is unique in that it has three fermentation compartments that are completely separated from one another anatomically. In humans, the consumption of plant cell walls is not nearly as common as in herbivores, but complex carbohydrates in the form of starches are consumed and, in fact, encouraged because of the benefit to gut heath.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.949
Threshold uncertainty score0.628

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.030
GPT teacher head0.228
Teacher spread0.198 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it