Accès aux médicaments : quelle responsabilité pour les compagnies pharmaceutiques?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Résumé On invoque souvent la responsabilité morale des compagnies pharmaceutiques lorsqu'il s'agit de réfléchir aux difficultés qu'affrontent les pays en voie de développement en matière d'accès aux médicaments. Dans cet article, je désire faire la critique d'une stratégie d'attribution de la responsabilité morale aux companies pharmaceutiques selon laquelle cette responsabilité proviendrait de lew statut similaire à celui d'agents moraux individuels. Je proposerai ensuite une autre stratégie qui lie la responsabilité des entreprises à leurs fonctions en utilisant une distinction entre fonctions organisationnelles et fonctions occupationnelles. Malgre son interit, le succès mitigé de cette proposition me conduira à remettre en question la pertinence de l'attribution ciblée d'une responsabilité aux compagnies pharmaceutiques.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.019 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".