Model of Water Sorption and Swelling in Polymer Electrolyte Membranes: Diagnostic Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work expands on the poroelectroelastic model of water sorption in polymer electrolyte membranes. It links membrane water sorption and the evolution of the pore size distribution with the microscopic charge density distribution at pore surfaces and the microscopic shear modulus of polymeric pore walls. We evaluate different deformation modes of polymeric pore walls to derive stress-strain relationships that determine the law of swelling. Thereafter, the model is applied to different sets of water sorption data for membranes that were submitted to either hygrothermal aging or chemical degradation. The model-based analysis relates the macroscopic state of swelling to the evolution of the statistical distribution of the pore radius as well as of the microscopic fluid and elastic pressures. Changes in the surface charge density at pore surfaces and elastic pressure of pore walls, induced by degradation, can be rationalized. These insights are useful in view of understanding degradation mechanisms and their structural effects.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".